INSIGHTS

Perspectives on risk, governance and AI.

FEATURED23 October 2026 · 10 min read

Two Mandates, One Missing Interface: Pakistan’s AI Governance Architecture and the Financial Sector

The Digital Nation Pakistan Act 2025 anticipated potential regulatory overlap, required the Pakistan Digital Authority to avoid it, and established a mechanism for resolving conflicts. Yet the operational relationship between PDA's AI governance mandate and the State Bank of Pakistan's supervisory authority remains publicly undefined. Three developments in OctoberOctober 2026 brought three developments relevant to…

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ENTERPRISE RISK8 October 2026 · 1 min read

Shari’a-Compliant Consumer Lending and Risk Classification

A conceptual white paper on how Murabaha, Ijara and Tawarruq structures affect PD, LGD, EAD and model governance in Shari'a-compliant consumer lending.

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ENTERPRISE RISK4 August 2025 · 4 min read

The Imminent Digital Disruption Risks Few Are Prepared For: A 2025 Perspective

Despite rapid advances in digital transformation and cybersecurity awareness, there remain several underappreciated and underregulated digital disruption risks that pose serious threats across industries. These risks often fall between traditional enterprise risk domains, making them harder to govern and monitor effectively.

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ENTERPRISE RISK3 August 2025 · 2 min read

Why Heat Maps Remain Relevant in ERM

In the evolving field of Enterprise Risk Management (ERM), heat maps continue to serve as a prominent visualization tool, aiding organizations in quickly identifying, prioritizing, and communicating risks effectively.

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ENTERPRISE RISK21 September 2023 · 4 min read

Quantum Computing: Risks and Reforms

The fintech market is rapidly evolving, with digital payments, digital investment, digital capital raising, digital assets, and neobanking emerging as some of the most significant trends.

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ENTERPRISE RISK31 July 2023 · 3 min read

Risk Management Shortcomings at Silicon Valley Bank (SVB)

Silicon Valley Bank's (SVB) failure underscores the importance of robust Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) in identifying and mitigating potential risks. ERM allows organizations to take a proactive approach in managing potential risks rather than a reactive one.

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ENTERPRISE RISK27 June 2020 · 6 min read

“What Gets Measured Gets Managed”: Strategic Risk Management

The old business adage “what gets measured gets managed” certainly holds true in risk management. To support strategic decisions, a company’s performance management system must integrate key performance indicators (KPIs) and key risk indicators (KRIs).

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ENTERPRISE RISK13 June 2020 · 1 min read

The Link Between Risk, Economic Capital, and Value Creation

Often ignored, the link between enterprise-wide risks, economic capital, and shareholders value is an essential value driver.

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ENTERPRISE RISK5 June 2020 · 3 min read

Risk Adjusted Pricing Decisions

The most effective way for companies to ensure an appropriate return on the risks that they are willing to accept is to incorporate the cost of risk into their pricing methodologies.

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ENTERPRISE RISK22 May 2020 · 5 min read

The Risk of Doing Business

All organizations regardless of industry are vulnerable to ever-present operational risks on both sides of the isle. These risks range from corporate cultural, moral, ethical risks to processes, controls, data, third parties, staff conduct related risks.

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